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L-016
14:20
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14:35
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Study on Ecological Mobility and Community Foot-Path Movement for Recovery after the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake
In the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, Mashiki town was heavily damaged and fault displacement was observed. While local historical and cultural heritage suffered serious damages, community people start-ed foot path movement to invite visitors to walk and find earthquake memorial and cultural heritage. The author visited the leaders of the movement to interview them regarding outcomes of the foot-path actions and problems for continuing the project. As ecological transportation, bicycle riding environment in Mashiki town was also investigated. There is major urban planning project to renovate and widen the main street in downtown area. Mashiki Labo of Kumamoto University is continuing community work-shop to share the scope and design of the new road. Disaster restoration and reconstruction is a rare op-portunity to shift from automobile centered road conditions to more ecological and sustainable mobility network. Post disaster temporary housings are located rather distant from town center, so that residents tend to depend more on automobiles. It is important to prepare for pre-planning and discussion among stake holders about future disaster recovery and perspectives for desired mobility future.
Hitomi Murakami
2016 Kumamoto earthquake, bicycle mobility, disaster restoration, foot path tourism
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L-011
14:35
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14:50
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Research on earthquake rescue and emergency management across the Taiwan Straits
The Chi-Chi earthquake of 1999 was an important watershed for Taiwan to establish a modern emergency management system. The " Disaster Prevention and Protection Act " enacted in 2000 included the core concepts of emergency management: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Since then, Taiwan have also set up a "special search and rescue team", and actually participated in many international earthquake disaster relief. When the Sichuan earthquake occurred on May 12, 2008, the Taipei Urban Search and Rescue(USAR) team also dispatched to rescue. Later, in 2010, the Haiti earthquake and the 2011 New Zealand Earthquake, China and Taiwan search and rescue team also participated in disaster relief. The SARS epidemic in 2003 was an important milestone in the establishment of a modern emergency management system in China. We found that after the tsunami in South Asia at the end of 2004, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference (APEC) also established the Task Force Emergency Preparedness (TFEP). After the Sichuan earthquake in 2008, China also offer the "principle of disaster response and cooperation" to APEC. In 2010, APEC upgraded the TFEP to the Emergency Preparedness Working Group (EPWG) to enhance the disaster mitigation, conditioning and reconstruction capabilities of APEC members in the public and private sectors and communities in the Asia Pacific region. On April 16, 2018, the China Ministry of Emergency Management was formally established. As for the major international earthquake disasters, the first time the emergency search and rescue response mechanism is still based on the UN OCHA 's INSARAG mechanism. This study suggests that Taiwan and China should participate in the INSARAG organization at the same time to facilitate mutual rescue in the event of major earthquakes and other disasters in the Asia-Pacific region.
Yun-Ming Tang
APEC Emergency Preparedness Working Group (EPWG), Emergency Management, Urban Research and Rescue (USAR) Team
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L-012
14:50
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15:05
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RESEARCH ON THE INSPIRATION OF CHINESE TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE DESIGN CONCEPTS AND SPIRITS IN THE MODERN ARCHITECTURE
The form of architecture tends to be highly standardized and formalized after the industrial revolution. The aesthetics and people-oriented concepts of architectural design are gradually affected by efficiency and economy. Behind the extreme pursuit of economic benefits, engineering quality, professionalism, and professional knowledge are hard to keep up with economic development. The 921 Earthquake in Taiwan not only attracted great attention and care from the international community but also aroused the reorientation of the concept and spirit in design in the construction industry. Based on the craftsman spirit in Chinese traditional architecture, this paper attempts to analyze and discuss the modern architecture which overemphasizing formal beauty and industrialized production, is lack of humanistic feelings, and further thinking the Chinese Traditional architectural culture and concepts can cause in the process of modern architecture development, including how to balance the relationship between economic development and human care, the building quality and resource conservation, et cetera.
Yu Yu
Chinese ancient architecture, craftsman
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M-011
15:05
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15:20
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APPLYING COMPASSION INTO RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND PRACTICE - TAKING THE GLOBAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE OF TZU CHI FOUNDATION AS AN EXAMPLE
"Technology comes from humanity!", and it is human nature to be compassionate to all things. By using inner empathy and showing human compassion, in order to build a more refined civilisation, while caring for all things, we can create a more peaceful and sustainable earth. In 2016 at the graduation ceremony of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Apple CEO Timothy Cook said he does not fear artificial intelligence can make computers think like humans. He only fears human beings become like computers, lacking human values and reason. In 1966, on the east coast of Taiwan, unable to bear the suffering of all beings, Venerable Dharma Master Cheng Yen established Tzu Chi Foundation in Hualien. Dharma Master Cheng Yen with her five monastic disciples follow a diligent lifestyle to support themselves by sewing a pair of baby shoes every day, making concrete sacks into smaller animal feed bags, knitting sweaters, and planting their own vegetables. Along with 30 Housewives, they saved five cents a day into bamboo tubes, which started the charity work of the foundation. With the spirit of turning a grain of rice to a basket of rice, a drop of water to river, like so, we have extended this spirit from Hualien to all parts of Taiwan, and gradually overseas. The year 1991 marked the beginning of international disaster relief, aiding in the first-ever flood relief for Bangladesh. So far, we have assisted 98 countries and regions. In accordance with the principles of “direct, focus, respect, practical and timely”, in addition to providing emergency assistance for food, clothing and medicine. Building houses, the development of water sources, providing free clinics, etc. have also been our focus. Despite the differences if assistance, the concept of "respect for life" has always been consistent. Discovering the needs of those that were affected by the disaster from the first-line disaster relief team and focusing on those needs, while maintaining the "compassionate" humane spirit, we research and develop technological products for assisting the disaster relief work. We call it "compassionate technology." In 2003, Dharma Master Cheng Yen told a group of entrepreneur volunteers to form Tzu Chi Humanitarian Aid Society to plan the logistics system for disaster relief. Not only focus on gathering resources, but also have the courage to face challenges that will emerge from disaster sites, and work with different public and private organizations to seek solutions through technology. Be it on food, clothing, housing, and transportation, a lot of energy have been invested in the research and development of various types of products, which can be used in different types of disasters, letting technology play a positive importance in lives of many.
HUANG YU-CHI
compassionate technology, disasters, Tzu Chi ,Dharma Master Cheng Yen
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L-014
15:20
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15:35
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Helping Disaster Victims Avoiding from Post-traumatic Stress Disorder the sooner the better
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychological disorder that can affect victims after a disaster. Once PTSD occurs, it is not easy to complete recovery that it may cause a negative burden on the victim and people around him. People have different physical and mental reactions to the disaster. Once these reactions or syndromes reach a certain level, they will form disorders such as Adjustment Disorders, Pathological grief, Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), depression or anxiety. The critical mental reconstruction period is the first month after the disaster. It is better to have psychological aid as early as possible; however, saving lives is always the first priority, and dealing with mental conditions comes the second. After this critical one-month period and the onset of PTSD, it always takes a long time to treat the PTSD. Tzu Chi has got many experiences from domestic and international disaster relief activities and discovered the best strategy of avoiding PTSD for the victim. The strategy is “Victims becoming volunteer and participating the disaster recovery will make them be easier to overcome from disaster trauma.”. This article practically shares different experiences of Tzu Chi domestic and international disaster relief activities which include 921 Chi-Chi earthquake in 1999, Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in 2004, Sichuan (Wenchuan) earthquake of Mainland China in 2008, Morake typhoon of southern Taiwan in 2009, Typhoon Haiyan of Philippine in 2013. Tzu Chi accumulated experience from early relief activities which held the free clinic of Psychotherapist in 921 Chi-Chi earthquake 35 days after the earthquake. Afterwards, Tzu Chi invite the victims to participate the disaster recovery through cleaning the home and community by “cash relief”, being volunteer of the free clinic, cooking hot meal for the victims, forming the youth service team to console the victims , even promoting community environmental protection and resources recycling. As the Tzu Chi’s observation, victims care for the needy and devote themselves to the disaster recovery that just proof one proverb “All the vexations come from thinking too much about oneself, too little for others.” To devote oneself as volunteer means to think others all the way, therefore the disaster trauma will go away gradually.
Fang Tsuang Lu
disaster trauma,, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD),, volunteer,
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L-018
15:35
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15:50
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Disaster Recovery and Rebuilding: The Tzu Chi experience
Tzu Chi Foundation has conducted disaster relief work in more than 90 countries and regions. The relief work adheres to six principles which are timeless, directness, priority, pragmatism, respect and gratitude. To solve the emergent needs of the victims and return them to their normal life as soon as possible is the main task in the emergent period. Not only distributing the things they need but also arousing the victims to clean their house and communities by means of “Cash Relief for Rebuild”. The meaning of the relief money participants received is not only a wage, but also providing them to purchase urgent necessities that will revive the local economy too. As Tzu Chi has 7 hospitals in Taiwan and a huge medical professional volunteer organization - TIMA. Tzu Chi meanwhile makes survey and plans for the middle period, such as the temporary tents area, schools as well as free clinic station and also plans for the long-term projects, such as permanent houses, schools or church. This article explores also the different reconstructing modes between 921 Chi-Chi earthquake in 1999 and Typhoon Morake in 2009. The former caused a large number of buildings collapsing in the cities and towns. The victims couldn’t have shelters to live. In this connection, the victims couldn’t come back to normal life and the economy of the society have been influenced seriously. Considering that mostly of the victims were going to rebuild their houses on the original site, they needed the temporary houses as soon as possible to pass the emergent period. Therefore, Master Chen Yen instructed to provide the temporary houses. Meanwhile, concentrate the majority resources to reconstruct 51 schools by SRC construction method that will protect the lives of all the students and can be offered as the safest shelters. As to the latter, the pouring rain devastate the mountains of southern Taiwan, the majority of the villages became isolated islands. All the road on the mountains were destroyed. The mountain became very fragile and need to be protected and nurtured. Therefore, Tzu Chi suggested our government to search for the safe land on the flat ground near their village and build the permanent houses for the victims.
Fang Tsuang Lu
921 Chi-Chi earthquake,, Cash Relief for Rebuild,, permanent houses,, temporary houses,
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